This procedure applies in all cases where “directed surveillance” is being planned or carried out. Directed surveillance is defined by RIPSA as covert surveillance undertaken “for the purposes of a specific investigation or a specific operation” and “in such a manner as is likely to result in the obtaining of private information about a person” whether or not that person is the target of the operation and other than by way of an immediate response to events or circumstances (Section 1(2) RIPSA).